The Rider on a Red
Horse
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Let's pray together:
Lord,
We now wish to deepen our study of the seven seals, and we humbly ask You to guide us by
Your Holy Spirit, during this lesson.
We know that we aren't worthy to understand these things, not even worthy to search Your
Holy Word.
But we have confidence in Your promises, and we know that You will answer our prayer, not
due to our own merits, but thanks to those of Jesus Christ our Savior. In His precious
name we pray.
Amen.
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Revelation 4:1
After these things I looked, and behold, a door standing
open in heaven. And the first voice which I heard was like a trumpet speaking with me,
saying,
«Come up here, and I will show you things which must take place after this.»
Revelation 5:5
Do not weep. Behold, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the
Root of David, has prevailed to open the scroll and to loose its seven seals.
The opening of the seven seals, which Jesus has made possible, reveals to us «things which must take place after this».
Now, let's study the second seal.
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Revelation 6:3
When He opened the second seal, I heard the second living
creature saying,
«Come and see.»
Revelation 6:1
Now I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seals; and I
heard one of the four living creatures saying with a voice like thunder,
«Come and see.»
The second seal immediately brings out a detail which was not so obvious in the
first seal.
The rank of the living creatures corresponds with the rank of the seals: first creature
with first seal, second creature with second seal, etc.
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Revelation 4:7
The first living creature was like a lion.
Revelation 5:5
Do not weep. Behold, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the
Root of David, has prevailed to open the scroll and to loose its seven seals.
Though we will study more closely the four living creatures in a future lesson,
we can already see that the first living creature, which is like a lion, is similar to the
rider of the first seal, Jesus Christ, the Lion of the tribe of Judah.
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Proverbs 30:29-31 (Darby)
There are three things which have a stately step (...):
the lion, mighty among beasts, which turneth not away for any; a horse girt in the loins;
(...) and a king, against whom none can rise up.
Proverbs 28:1
The righteous are bold as a lion.
The lion, just like the «horse girt in the loins»
and the «king against whom none can rise up», is a perfect
illustration of the first seal and its rider, Jesus Christ, the victorious King of kings,
who «went out conquering and to conquer» (Revelation 6:2).
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Revelation 6:3
When He opened the second seal, I heard the second living
creature saying, «Come and see.»
Revelation 4:7
The second living creature [was] like a calf.
Now, let's move on to the second seal.
The second living creature, which introduces this seal, is like a calf.
While the lion is associated with conquest and victory, the calf carries a completely
different symbolism. What is this symbolism?
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Numbers 15:8,9
And when you prepare a young bull as a burnt offering, or
as a sacrifice to fulfill a vow, or as a peace offering to the Lord, then shall be offered
with the young bull a grain offering.
The calf (or young bull) refers to the sacrificial system instituted by God
under the old covenant.
Besides the burnt offering, the sacrifice of a calf was meant to fulfill a vow, or, as a
peace offering, to express one's gratitude towards God.
Is the symbolism of the calf relevant to the second seal?
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Revelation 6:4
And another horse, fiery red, went out.
And it was granted to the one who sat on it to take peace from the earth, and that people
should kill one another; and there was given to him a great sword.
The entire content of the second seal is contained in this verse.
The calf is indeed very relevant in illustrating this seal, marked by the shedding of
blood.
The second seal corresponds to the second letter, addressed to the church of Smyrna, which
describes the period from A.D. 100 to 313, a time marked by the horrifying persecution of
the believers.
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Revelation 2:8-10
And to the angel of the church in Smyrna write,
«(...) I know your works, tribulation, and poverty (but you are rich); and I know the
blasphemy of those who say they are Jews and are not, but are a synagogue of Satan.
Do not fear any of those things which you are about to suffer. Indeed, the devil is about
to throw some of you into prison, that you may be tested, and you will have tribulation
ten days.
Be faithful until death, and I will give you the crown of life.»
Just like the second seal, the letter to the church of Smyrna describes a
period when blood is shed.
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Revelation 6:4,5,8
And another horse, fiery red, went out. (...) And I
looked, and behold, a black horse. (...) And I looked, and behold, a pale horse.
Zechariah 1:8
I saw by night, and behold, a man riding on a red horse,
and it stood among the myrtle trees in the hollow; and behind him were horses: red,
sorrel, and white.
In our last lesson, we saw that the first four seals present four horses, each
of a different color.
We also noticed that a similar symbolism can be found in the book of the prophet
Zechariah.
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Zechariah 1:9,10
Then I said, «My lord, what are these?»
So the angel who talked with me said to me, «I will show you what they are.»
And the man who stood among the myrtle trees answered and said, «These are the ones whom
the Lord has sent to walk to and fro throughout the earth.»
The horses, then, are sent by God to carry out His will on the earth.
The color of the horse illustrates the conditions prevailing during the period described
in the prophecy.
So the red horse reveals a period of persecutions, like that announced in the letter to
the church of Smyrna.
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Nahum 2:3
The shields of his mighty men are made red, the valiant
men are in scarlet.
The chariots come with flaming torches in the day of his preparation, and the spears are
brandished.
2 Kings 3:22,23
The sun was shining on the water; and the Moabites saw
the water on the other side as red as blood.
And they said, «This is blood; the kings have surely struck swords and have killed one
another.»
The color red represents violence, bloodshed.
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Just like the color red, the sword indicates violence and bloodshed:
«I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon and
put My sword in his hand; but I will break Pharaoh's arms, and he will groan before him
with the groanings of a mortally wounded man.» (EZEKIEL 30:24)
«For thus says the Lord God: "The sword of the king of Babylon shall come upon
you."» (EZEKIEL 32:11)
«For this is the day of the Lord God of hosts, a day of vengeance, that He may avenge
Himself on His adversaries. The sword shall devour; it shall be satiated and made drunk
with their blood; for the Lord God of hosts has a sacrifice in the north country.»
(JEREMIAH 46:10)
«Now about that time Herod the king stretched out his hand to harass some from the
church. Then he killed James the brother of John with the sword.» (ACTS 12:1,2)
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Revelation 6:4
And another horse, fiery red, went out.
And it was granted to the one who sat on it to take peace from the earth, and that people
should kill one another; and there was given to him a great sword.
But now, an important question must be considered: if the red horse is sent by
God to carry out His will on the earth, does it mean that God is behind those terrible
persecutions?
A close study of the words used to describe the second seal will explain exactly what
brought about all those years of martyrdom.
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Revelation 6:4
And it was granted to the one who sat on it to take peace
from the earth, (...) and there was given to him a great sword.
Matthew 10:34
Do not think that I came to bring peace on earth. I did
not come to bring peace but a sword.
First, let's notice the striking parallel between the text of the second seal
and the words of Jesus Christ Himself.
How did the coming of Jesus take away peace on earth, and bring a sword?
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Matthew 10:34-36
Do not think that I came to bring peace on earth. I did
not come to bring peace but a sword.
For I have come to set a man against his father, a daughter against her mother, and a
daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law.
And a man's foes will be those of his own household.
We have surely noticed that when we decide to follow Jesus, this decision often
becomes a source of conflicts and divisions in our family and with our friends.
And, in the most dramatic situations, «a man's foes will be those
of his own household».
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Revelation 6:4
And it was granted to the one who sat on it to take peace
from the earth, and that people should kill one another.
Matthew 10:34,36
Do not think that I came to bring peace on earth. I did
not come to bring peace but a sword. (...)
And a man's foes will be those of his own household.
The second seal is a perfect illustration of Jesus' prediction.
Indeed, the persecution of the believers, between the years 100 and 313, didn't come only
from the Roman emperors. It also came from the Jews themselves...
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Acts 14:2
But the unbelieving Jews stirred up the Gentiles and
poisoned their minds against the brethren.
Acts 17:13
But when the Jews from Thessalonica learned that the word
of God was preached by Paul at Berea, they came there also and stirred up the crowds.
In the time of the apostle Paul, it was already possible to see that the Jewish
community, while professing to serve God, was persecuting the Christians.
And this persecution increased more and more as the years went by.
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Revelation 2:9
I know your works, tribulation, and poverty (but you are
rich); and I know the blasphemy of those who say they are Jews and are not, but are a
synagogue of Satan.
The letter to the church of Smyrna clearly indicated that false Jews, that is,
Jews in flesh but not in heart, would participate in the persecution of Christians.
This confirms the two prophecies we have just seen:
- «that people should kill one another»
(Revelation 6:4);
- «a man's foes will be those of his own
household» (Matthew 10:36).
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Revelation 6:4
And it was granted to the one who sat on it to take peace
from the earth, and that people should kill one another.
Psalm 37:14
The wicked have drawn the sword and have bent their bow,
to cast down the poor and needy, to slay those who are of upright conduct.
These verses indicate that those who are persecuted are righteous and innocent
people, representing the murder of the defenseless and unprotected, of those who shouldn't
have died.
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Psalm 44:22
Yet for Your sake we are killed all day long; we are
accounted as sheep for the slaughter.
Revelation 18:24
And in [Babylon] was found the blood of prophets and
saints, and of all who were slain on the earth.
Both the picture of the slaughter and the word «slain» pinpoint the murder of
all those who lose their life for God's cause, hoping that their blood may become a seed
to bring a harvest of souls to Jesus' cross.
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Leviticus 1:5
He shall kill the bull before the Lord; and the priests,
Aaron's sons, shall bring the blood and sprinkle the blood all around on the altar that is
by the door of the tabernacle of meeting.
The spilled blood also calls to mind sacrifice, such as the sacrifice of a
lamb, symbolizing the redeeming death of Jesus on the cross.
The second seal, whose corresponding living creature is like a calf, describes another
type of sacrifice, «to fulfill a vow, or as a peace offering to the
Lord» (Numbers 15:8): the faithfulness of the believer until death.
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Numbers 15:8,10
And when you prepare a young bull as a burnt offering, or
as a sacrifice to fulfill a vow, or as a peace offering to the Lord, (...) [it is] an
offering made by fire, a sweet aroma to the Lord.
Romans 12:1
I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God,
that you present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God, which is your
reasonable service.
Just like the aroma of the calf consumed by fire, we offer a sweet sacrifice
when we choose to follow God and dedicate our life to His service.
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John 15:20
Remember the word that I said to you, «A servant is not
greater than his master.»
If they persecuted Me, they will also persecute you. If they kept My word, they will keep
yours also.
Jesus sacrificed His life to grant us access to eternal life. Now He calls us
to faithfully follow Him.
He frankly warns us that following Him won't always be easy. He Himself had to suffer
persecution to obtain our salvation.
And many believers have in turn sacrificed their lives for Jesus' cause.
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Revelation 2:10
Do not fear any of those things which you are about to
suffer.
Indeed, the devil is about to throw some of you into prison, that you may be tested, and
you will have tribulation ten days.
Be faithful until death, and I will give you the crown of life.
The second seal thus corresponds to the letter to Smyrna, describing the period
of persecution the Church experienced between 100 and 313, the year when the Edict of
Milan made Christianity the Empire's official religion.
The faithfulness of the believers during this period will be, for each one of us, a source
of inspiration when we face difficult days.
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Dear friends, let's pray together before ending this lesson:
Our Father,
Jesus said: «He who finds his life will lose it, and he who loses
his life for My sake will find it.» (Matthew 10:39)
These words surely comforted the believers who suffered the persecution described in the
second seal.
We sincerely ask You to grant us the same courage You gave to Your martyrs, so that we too
may remain faithful to You until the end, whatever persecutions we may go through.
Please help us to always remember these words of Jesus: «I am the
resurrection and the life. He who believes in Me, though he may die, he shall live.»
(John 11:25) In His name we pray.
Amen.
Source of the Pictures of this Lesson
Screen 1: In: «Photo Gallery 25,000» by Media Graphics
International, CD #1, 059_147.JPG. Screen 2: LIMBOURG BROTHERS. «Saint
John on Patmos contemplating the vision of the lamb enthroned, the four beings, and the 24
elders», from «Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry» (c.1413), Musée Condé,
Chantilly, France. In: «Revelation - Art of the Apocalypse» (GRUBB, Nancy), Abeville
Press Publishers, 1997, p.6. Screen 3: ALBEREGNO, Jacobello (d. 1397).
«Vision of Saint John the evangelist on Patmos», Galleria dell' Accademia, Venice. In:
«Revelation - Art of the Apocalypse» (GRUBB, Nancy), Abeville Press Publishers, 1997,
p.16. Screen 4: ALBEREGNO, Jacobello (d. 1397). «Vision of Saint John
the evangelist on Patmos», Galleria dell' Accademia, Venice. In: «Revelation - Art of
the Apocalypse» (GRUBB, Nancy), Abeville Press Publishers, 1997, p.16. Screen 5: First
picture: MANISCALCO, Joe. In: «Images from the Bible and Sacred History CD», Chosen
Works, MLI Software, JM230.BMP. Second picture: «Lions do their best hunting on the
plateaus of eastern Africa.» In: «Deluxe Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia CD - 2000
Edition», Compton's Home Library, 1999. Composite picture by Cyberspace Ministry.
Screen 6: ALBEREGNO, Jacobello (d. 1397). «Vision of Saint John the evangelist
on Patmos», Galleria dell' Accademia, Venice. In: «Revelation - Art of the Apocalypse»
(GRUBB, Nancy), Abeville Press Publishers, 1997, p.16. Screen 7: In:
«The Watchtower» magazine (February 15, 1991), New York, Watch Tower Bible and Tract
Society, p.13. Screen 8: STEEL, John. In: «God Cares, volume 2»
(MAXWELL, C.Mervyn), Pacific Press Publishing Association, 1985, p.175. Screen 9: BAZZI,
Giovanni Antonio (1477-1549). «St. Sebastian», Palazzo Pitti, Florence. In: «The Art of
Angels» (LOXTON, Howard), Regency House Publishing Limited, 1995, p.70. Screen
10: In: «The Watchtower» magazine (January 1, 1986), New York, Watch Tower
Bible and Tract Society, p.1. Screen 11: In: «La Révélation - le grand
dénouement est proche», New York, Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, 1988, p.93.
Screen 12: In: «Histoire du Monde: Volume 6 - L'Occident au Moyen Age» (BAILEY,
A. et REIT, S.), Les Éditions Maisonneuve, 1967, p.488. Screen 13: In:
«Histoire du Monde: Volume 2 - La Grèce Antique» (STEFFENSEN, J.-L.), Les Éditions
Maisonneuve, 1967, p.118. Screen 14: MANISCALCO, Joe. In: «Images from
the Bible and Sacred History CD», Chosen Works, MLI Software, JM248.BMP. Screen
15: In: «The Bible in Pictures for Little Eyes» (TAYLOR, Kenneth N.), Moody
Press, Chicago, 1956, p.160. Screen 16: STEEL, John. In: «The Triumph of
God's Love, volume 2» (WHITE, Ellen G.), Pacific Press Publishing Association and Review
and Herald Publishing Association, 1950, p.529. Screen 17: In: «The
Watchtower» magazine (Novembrer 15, 1988), New York, Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society,
p.8. Screen 18: In: «The Watchtower» magazine (November 1, 1990), New
York, Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, p.10. Screen 19: In: «The
Watchtower» magazine (September 15, 1994), Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, p.16.
Screen 20: «The Martyrdom of Thomas Becket» (12th century). In: «Illustrated
Lives of the Saints» (McNEILL, John), Bison Books Ltd., 1995, p.153. Screen 21: «Murder».
In: «The Bible - An Interactive Journey», GT Interactive Software Corp., Cinerom, 1995.
Screen 22: In: «The Children's Bible, volume 4», Golden Press, 1981, p.206,207.
Screen 23: In: «Beautiful Bible Stories» (MARTIN, Patricia Summerlin),
Southwestern Company, 1964, p.204. Screen 24: «The Life of St. Alban»
(13th century). In: «Illustrated Lives of the Saints» (McNEILL, John), Bison Books Ltd.,
1995, p.12. Screen 25: In: «The Watchtower» magazine (February 1,
1986), New York, Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, p.10. Screen 26: In:
«Photo Gallery 25,000» by Media Graphics International, CD #1, 029_145.JPG.
Any copyrighted images not bearing a statement of permission, are used
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The test of Lesson 32 is waiting for you!